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写文的22条规则

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写文的22条规则 Empty 写文的22条规则

帖子 由 bluesky 周六 20 四月 2013, 08:47

这是纽约电影学院从皮克斯故事创作部的艺术家那里获得的22个故事创作的要点

原地址:[要查看本链接请先注册登录]=晋江文学城→网友交流区→碧水江汀

#1: You admire a character for trying more than for their successes.
塑造出令人尊敬的主角,他们要的不止是成功。(欣赏一个试图超越自我成功的角色。)

#2: You gotta keep in mind what's interesting to you as an audience, not what's fun to do as a writer. They can be v. Different.
时刻牢记把自己作为一个读者寻求萌点,而不是只追求写得有趣,二者有很大区别。

#3: Trying for theme is important, but you won't see what the story is actually about til you're at the end of it. Now rewrite.
文章有一个主题很重要,如果你写到最后都不知道在讲一个什么故事,最好重写。

#4: Once upon a time there was ___. Every day, ___. One day ___. Because of that, ___. Because of that, ___. Until finally ___.
从前——每天都一样——然而有一天——为此——因为——最后。【我没明白是什么意思,好像是制造戏剧冲突的流程?】

#5: Simplify. Focus. Combine characters. Hop over detours. You'll feel like you're losing valuable stuff but it sets you free.
简单,专注,把好的部分有机结合,不要走弯路,虽然你会觉得失去了一些有价值的桥段,但是会让你从绞尽脑汁中解放出来。(简化,集中,合并特色,绕过弯路。虽然你会觉得你正失去有价值的东西,但是你会让自己思想解放,减轻压力,保持热情。)

#6: What is your character good at, comfortable with? Throw the polar opposite at them. Challenge them. How do they deal?
你的主角最擅长什么事情,呆在什么环境最舒适,想明白这个问题后就将他放在正好相反的情景下,看他们如何自处。

#7: Come up with your ending before you figure out your middle. Seriously. Endings are hard, get yours working up front.
先想好结局再组织故事主体,拥有一个好的结局是最难的,把这个工作放在前面做会决定文章的质量。

#8: Finish your story, let go even if it's not perfect. In an ideal world you have both, but move on. Do better next time.
写完故事后,即使不完美也别纠结了,完美只存在在理想世界里,下次比这次做的更好就可以了。

#9: When you're stuck, make a list of what WOULDN'T happen next. Lots of times the material to get you unstuck will show up.
当你卡文的时候,把卡住的地方列出来,时间长了就知道该怎么处理这些问题了。

#10: Pull apart the stories you like. What you like in them is a part of you; you've got to recognize it before you can use it.
将你喜欢的故事剖开来看,当你写文的时候会不自觉地用上那些你喜欢的桥段,但你必须先认清他们,有时候不一定适合你的文章。(将你喜欢的故事打散成一个个的想法,组织那些你喜爱的,然后把它们运用到你的故事中去。)

#11: Putting it on paper lets you start fixing it. If it stays in your head, a perfect idea, you'll never share it with anyone.
当你有想法的时候先写出来,然后再修改,如果一个完美的设定只存在在你脑子里,你永远也没法写出来。(将你的好主意写在纸上并修正它们,如果这些主意还停留在你脑中,最好不要跟任何人分享它们,因为这个想法缺乏组织,太粗糙。)

#12: Discount the 1st thing that comes to mind. And the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th – get the obvious out of the way. Surprise yourself.
第一个出现在脑中的想法,第二个想法,第三个……将他们列出来进行比较然后删掉一些,你会惊讶的发现留下的才是最好的。

#13: Give your characters opinions. Passive/malleable might seem likable to you as you write, but it's poison to the audience.
给你的角色赋予自我意识,被动顺从的特质可能对于编剧的你来说特别讨喜,但这对于观众来说是毒药。 你的创造的角色要有自己的主张与意识,如果你的角色是没有主张的会变得没有性格,让人感到它什么都可以做,对于编剧来说可以天马行空地塑造这个角色,它表面虽然做了很多事,可是都是编剧唆使这个角色去做,他的行为并非来自角色的本身拥有的意志,这样自然对观众来说是很无趣的,因为观众会觉得很莫名其妙,所以没有自我意识的角色,对于观众来说是没有吸引力的。

#14: Why must you tell THIS story? What's the belief burning within you that your story feeds off of? That's the heart of it.
你为什么一定要写这个故事?你心中有怎样一个信念在你心里燃烧,促使你写出这个故事来?那是故事的核心价值,要时刻记得。

#15: If you were your character, in this situation, how would you feel? Honesty lends credibility to unbelievable situations.
如果你是你的笔下的主角,处在那样一个环境,你会使什么感受?这种真实的感受会让你写出来的难以置信的桥段变得真实。

#16: What are the stakes? Give us reason to root for the character. What happens if they don't succeed? Stack the odds against.
给读者一个理由,如果主角不这样做会有什么风险?如果他们做了没成功会怎样?把失败的几率列出来,增加紧张感。(利害关系是什么? 给我们理由去稳固这个角色。如果他们失败了会发生什么? 堆砌机会去稳固利与弊的关系。)

#17: No work is ever wasted. If it's not working, let go and move on - it'll come back around to be useful later.
没有什么工作是白做的,如果没法用在这一段,先放着,以后说不得就能用上。

#18: You have to know yourself: the difference between doing your best & fussing. Story is testing, not refining.
你必须知道自己擅长什么,不擅长什么,写文是在不断尝试,而不是在不断重复。(你必须了解自己: 在可以做得最好的事与手忙脚乱间的区别。故事是不断尝试而不是在精炼。 故事是由很多创意串连的尝试,不是像精炼一般将想法删除。)

#19: Coincidences to get characters into trouble are great; coincidences to get them out of it are cheating.
写出让主角陷入困境的巧合,而不是写出让他们逃出困境的巧合,逃出困境最能体现主角性格能力,不要白白浪费。(在故事中巧妙地安排困境是好的,但是让角色偶然巧妙地轻松度过困境是一种掩盖另一个危机的手法。)

#20: Exercise: take the building blocks of a movie you dislike. How d'you rearrange them into what you DO like?
练习:逼自己看一部你不喜欢的电影(小说),然后想想你会怎么重新讲这个故事,使你能喜欢上她。

#21: You gotta identify with your situation/characters, can't just write ‘cool'. What would make YOU act that way?
你应该让主角的反应与情景相符合,如果是你,什么会促使你做出那些反应?

#22: What's the essence of your story? Most economical telling of it? If you know that, you can build out from there.
你写的这个故事,最精华的部分是什么?以最简练的方式讲出来?如果你知道了,就可以在这个基础上增加东西,来使故事更加好看了。
bluesky
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